New Zealand’s Fonterra vs India’s Amul — Who Actually Serves Farmers Better?

New Zealand's Fonterra vs India's Amul — Who Actually Serves Farmers Better?

A dairy farmer in Waikato, New Zealand, earns roughly NZD 8.50 per kilogram of milk solids from Fonterra in a good season. A dairy farmer in Sabarkantha, Gujarat, takes home approximately ₹55-65 per litre from her village cooperative linked to Amul. On paper, the Kiwi farmer looks wealthier. But strip away currency conversions, input costs, … Read more

Why the World’s Largest Economies Are Quietly Embracing Cooperatives Again

Why the World's Largest Economies Are Quietly Embracing Cooperatives Again

The Mondragon Corporation — a worker-owned industrial empire headquartered in the Basque Country of Spain — generates over €12 billion in annual revenue and employs more than 80,000 people, yet most economics departments spent three decades treating it as a curiosity rather than a model worth replicating. That indifference is ending, and the reasons reveal … Read more

How West Bengal’s Cooperative Jute Mills Are Fighting the Plastic Bag Ban With a 200-Year-Old Fibre

How West Bengal's Cooperative Jute Mills Are Fighting the Plastic Bag Ban With a 200-Year-Old Fibre

In a humid shed along the Hooghly River, approximately 40 kilometres north of Kolkata, a woman named Rina Mondal feeds raw golden fibre into a carding machine that has been running, with repairs, since 1987. She earns around ₹320 a day. Two years ago, she earned ₹210 — and her mill was weeks from shutting … Read more

How Rajasthan’s Women Dairy Cooperatives Are Quietly Out-Earning the Men in Rural Households

How Rajasthan's Women Dairy Cooperatives Are Quietly Out-Earning the Men in Rural Households

In a dusty village called Bansur in Alwar district, a woman named Kamla Devi walks to the milk collection centre every morning at 5:30 AM, balancing two steel canisters on her head. She pours approximately 14 litres of buffalo milk into the cooperative’s bulk cooler, collects her digital receipt, and walks home — having already earned more that day than her husband will from his rain-dependent mustard crop all week. Across Rajasthan, this scene is repeating itself in thousands of villages, and the numbers tell a story that few policy reports have bothered to narrate properly.

I have been tracking India‘s cooperative movement for years, and what is unfolding in Rajasthan’s dairy sector deserves serious attention. Women members of dairy cooperatives in the state are now contributing, on average, ₹8,000 to ₹12,000 per month to household income — figures that frequently surpass what male family members bring in from traditional agriculture. This is not a government press release talking point. This is a quiet economic revolution happening one milk canister at a time.

Read more

The Uttarakhand Cooperative That Turned Mountain Herbs Into a Global Brand

The Uttarakhand Cooperative That Turned Mountain Herbs Into a Global Brand

The women of Chamoli district had been picking wild brahmi from the hillsides for generations, selling it to middlemen for ₹12 per kilogram. When those same leaves arrived in wellness stores across Berlin and Amsterdam, they were priced at €45 for a small glass jar. That gap — staggering, almost grotesque in its proportions — … Read more

The Hidden Network Behind Every Packet of Indian Sugar, Milk and Cotton

The Hidden Network Behind Every Packet of Indian Sugar, Milk and Cotton

Before the white crystals in a morning cup of tea complete their journey, they pass through at least seven distinct pairs of hands across multiple states, touching cooperative societies, private traders, government warehouses, and licensed commission agents — none of which appear anywhere on the packaging. I spent months mapping these invisible chains, and the … Read more

Why Japan’s JA Agricultural Cooperatives Have Never Lost Control of Farm Credit in 70 Years

Why Japan's JA Agricultural Cooperatives Have Never Lost Control of Farm Credit in 70 Years

In Niigata Prefecture, a rice farmer named Takeshi deposits his entire harvest income into a local cooperative bank branch, takes out a seasonal crop loan from the same counter, and buys his fertiliser from the cooperative store next door. He has never walked into a commercial bank in his life. Neither did his father. This … Read more

The Cooperative Silk Farms of Ramanagara That Supply 60% of India’s Raw Silk

The Cooperative Silk Farms of Ramanagara That Supply 60% of India's Raw Silk

On a Monday morning in the Ramanagara Cocoon Market, the largest raw silk cocoon trading hub in Asia, a farmer named Manjunath from Channapatna taluk watches as his weekly harvest of bivoltine cocoons fetches ₹485 per kilogram — nearly ₹70 more than what he earned this time last year. He credits his local sericulture cooperative … Read more

She Borrowed ₹200 From a Cooperative and Now Ships Products to 12 Countries

She Borrowed ₹200 From a Cooperative and Now Ships Products to 12 Countries

In the summer of 1998, a twenty-three-year-old woman in Bhujodi village, Kutch district, Gujarat, walked into her local cooperative society office and asked for a loan of ₹200. The clerk hesitated — the amount was so small it barely covered the paperwork. She wanted to buy raw cotton yarn and natural dyes to weave shawls … Read more

The Uttarakhand Cooperative That Turned Wild Mountain Herbs Into a ₹400 Crore Wellness Brand

The Uttarakhand Cooperative That Turned Wild Mountain Herbs Into a ₹400 Crore Wellness Brand

In the winter of 2019, Kamla Devi of Joshimath block in Chamoli district earned ₹1,200 for an entire season’s collection of wild jatamansi roots — a Himalayan herb that high-end wellness brands in Mumbai were retailing for ₹3,500 per kilogram. By 2026, she earns closer to ₹48,000 a season. The difference? A cooperative that decided … Read more